COASTAL FORCES

• Origins During World War II: The British Coastal Forces were established in 1940 to combat the German threat in the English Channel and the North Sea, playing a vital role in inshore maritime security. • Versatile Craft: Coastal Forces operated a variety of fast, small vessels including Motor Torpedo Boats (MTBs), Motor Gun Boats (MGBs), and Motor Launches (MLs), designed for hit-and-run tactics. • “The Spitfires of the Sea”: The speedy and agile boats of the Coastal Forces earned this nickname due to their daring attacks and rapid maneuverability, reminiscent of the iconic fighter aircraft. • Daring Raids: Coastal Forces boats carried out bold operations, such as the famous St. Nazaire Raid (Operation Chariot) in 1942, which disabled a key dry dock in German-occupied France. • Notable Engagements: These units played a critical role in the D-Day landings, protecting the invasion fleets from German E-boats and clearing enemy positions along the French coast. • International Component: While predominantly British, the Coastal Forces included personnel and boats from Canada, Norway, and other Allied nations, making them a truly international fighting force. • Decorated Heroes: Coastal Forces personnel earned numerous gallantry awards, including Victoria Crosses. Lieutenant Commander Robert Hichens, for example, was one of the most highly decorated officers. • “Dog Boats”: The Fairmile D boats, known as "Dog Boats," could serve as both MTBs and MGBs, and were among the most heavily armed craft of their size during the war. • Postwar Influence: The tactics, technology, and spirit of the Coastal Forces influenced the development of fast attack craft and patrol boats in navies worldwide after WWII. • Legacy and Museums: Surviving Coastal Forces boats can be visited today, such as MTB 102 and MGB 81 in the UK, preserving the history of these “little ships” and their crews for future generations.