370th infantry regiment, 92nd division

• Unique African American Heritage: The 370th Infantry Regiment was composed almost entirely of African American soldiers and was the only African American regiment commanded by black officers during World War I. • Origins in Illinois: The unit originated as the 8th Infantry Regiment of the Illinois National Guard, based in Chicago, and had a proud tradition of service even before World War I. • Part of the “Buffalo Soldiers”: The 370th was part of the famous “Buffalo Soldiers” regiments, known for their valor and distinguished service dating back to the post-Civil War era. • French Command in WWI: Due to segregationist policies, the regiment fought under French command during World War I, wearing French uniforms and using French weapons. • Nickname “The Black Devils”: The German forces nicknamed the 370th “The Black Devils” due to their ferocity and effectiveness in combat. • Battle Honors: The 370th Infantry participated in major operations such as the Oise-Aisne, Meuse-Argonne, and Lorraine campaigns, earning high praise from both French and American commanders. • Decorations and Awards: Members of the regiment received numerous awards, including the French Croix de Guerre, for their bravery and gallantry in battle. • “On Guard” Motto: The regiment’s motto, “On Guard,” reflected their readiness and vigilance both in combat and at home. • Post-War Recognition: Despite their heroism, the 370th received little recognition in the U.S. after the war, highlighting the racial discrimination faced by African American soldiers. • Legacy: The 370th Infantry Regiment is remembered today as a symbol of African American military excellence, pride, and the ongoing struggle for equality in the U.S. armed forces.